The purpose of this investigation was directed to propose sensitive, accurate and reproducible methods of analysis that can be applied to determine distigmine bromide (DTB), cyclopentolate hydrochloride (CPHC), diaveridine hydrochloride (DVHC) and tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride (THHC) drugs in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations via charge-transfer complex formation with 7, 7, 8, 8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) reagents. Spectrophotometric method involve the addition a known excess of TCNQ or TCNE reagents to DTB, CPHC, DVHC and THHC drugs in acetonitrile, followed by the measurement of the absorbance of the CT complexes at the selected wavelength. The reaction stoichiometry is found to be 1: 1 [drug]: [TCNQ or TCNE]. The absorbance is found to increase linearly with concentration of the drugs under investigation which is corroborated by the correlation coefficients of 0. 9954-0. 9981. The system obeys Beer’ s law for 6-400, 20-500, 1-180 and 60-560 μ g mL-1 and 80-600, 10-300, 1-60 and 80-640 μ g mL-1 for DTB, CPHC, DVHC and THHC drugs using TCNQ and TCNE reagents, respectively. The apparent molar absorptivity, sandell sensitivity, the limits of detection and quantification are also reported for the spectrophotometric method. Intra-and inter-day precision and accuracy of the method were evaluated as per ICH guidelines. The method was successfully applied to the assay of DTB, CPHC, DVHC and THHC drugs in formulations and the results were compared with those of a reference method by applying Student’ s t and F-tests. No interference was observed from common pharmaceutical excipients.

In this study, different derivative spectrophotometric methods are proposed for the simultaneous determination of chlorpheniramine maleate (CP), phenylephrine HCl (PE) and phenylpropanolamine HCl (PP) in their ternary mixtures and in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Spectra of single component and ternary mixtures of various concentrations and combinations from zero- to fourth-derivation were obtained. Also the spectra of the excipients including lactose, starch, and microcrystalline cellulose were obtained to study the possible interference from matrices. Zero-crossing derivative spectrophotometry based on recording the second-derivative curve for PE at 286.5 nm and fourth-derivative curve for PP at 220 nm were used for determining each component. Third component, CP, was determined by measuring absolute amplitudes at 265.8, 262.2, 269.5, and 273.8 nm in its second derivative spectra. Results showed that the matrices have no interferences. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 1-8 µg/ml for PE; 5-30 mg/ml for PP; and 2-8 mg/ml for CP. The limits of detection were 0.2 mg/ml for PE, 0.1 µg/ml for PP, and 0.3 µg/ml for CP. The mean percentage recoveries obtained for different synthetic mixtures by using this method were 95.3% with coefficient of variation of 4.3% for PE, 101.5% with coefficient of variation of 1.4% for PP, and 99.4% with coefficient of variation of 1.5% for CP. This method has been applied successfully for the determination of PE and PP in its combination with CP in Antihistamine Decongestant tablets with a high percentage of recovery, good accuracy and precision.

Background: Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a chronic lympho proliferative disease of B-cell lineage characterized by an indolent course, peripheral cytopenias and splenomegaly due to the presence of characteristic neoplastic B lymphocytes in the blood and fatigue and accounts for about 2% of all leukemia. HCL was first recognized as early as the mid 1958’s.Material and Method: This was a descriptive study in which questionnaire was used to gather the data and all patients with diagnosis of Hairy cell leukemia (HCL).Result: common presenting symptom was fatigue that 70% of all patients with symptom admitted to hospital and after physical examination and laboratory Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) was established.Common presenting clinical was splenomegaly in all of men patient and 82% in women patients and Common laboratory result was diagnosis of Hairy cell in peripheral blood smear (93%) and BMA and BMB. Conclusion: we recommend Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) assessed in older patient with anemia, thrombocytopenia and recurrent infection particular in men patients with pancytopenia and recommend diagnosis intervention such as palpation of spleen.